| 徐小俊.德国弗朗霍夫协会建设经验及对中国新型研发机构发展的启示[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2023,38(2):42~50 |
| 德国弗朗霍夫协会建设经验及对中国新型研发机构发展的启示 |
| The Construction Experience of Fraunhofer Gesellschaft inGermany and the Enlightenment for the Development of NewR&D Institutions in China |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-11 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2023.02.006 |
| 中文关键词: 德国弗朗霍夫应用研究促进协会；新型研发机构；历史沿革；政府角色 |
| 英文关键词: Fraunhofer Gesellschaft; new R&D institutions; historical evolution; government role |
| 基金项目:项目来源：科技部科技创新战略研究专项“强化国家战略科技力量布局和政策研究”（ZLY202109）；西藏自治区科技计划项目“西藏 自治区科技创新基地（重点实验室、技术创新中心等）优化布局及对策建议研究”（XZ202201ZY0002F）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 德国弗朗霍夫应用研究促进协会是民办官助的非营利性组织，是地方先行、国家挂牌支持的典
型成功案例，对中国由地方先行探索而兴起的新型研发机构发展具有重要借鉴意义。从德国弗朗霍夫
应用研究促进协会的诞生和历史沿革出发，研究和总结其高质量发展的关键成功经验。研究发现，该
协会的成功得益于其高度自治的治理模式、与高水平研究型大学的捆绑式合作、依托德国独特的教育与
人才管理制度，以及根植于企业创新又受益于企业创新的运营模式，而这一切离不开德国联邦政府在制
度与政策方面的保障和支持。中国应从发挥国家的宏观调控作用、加强地方政府层面的研究规划与
管理、优化自身的治理结构 3 个方面着手，助力新型研发机构的高质量发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Fraunhofer Gesellschaft in Germany is a civilian-assisted and non-profit organization. It is a
typical successful case of locally initiated and nationally endorsed, which has important reference significance
for the development of new R&D institutions in China. Based on the history of Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, this
study summarizes the key successful experience of its high-quality development. It is found that the success of
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft is attributable to its highly autonomous governance mode, binding cooperation with high-
level research universities, unique education and talent management system, and operation mode rooted in and
benefiting from enterprise innovation. All these successes are backed by the institutional guarantee and policy
support of the German federal government. In China, we should exert state macro-regulation, strengthen research
planning and effective management of local governments, and optimize the institutional governance, to plan the
high-quality development of new R&D institutions. |
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