| 程如烟,王晓菲.主要国家和地区基础研究政策走向分析[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,(6):1~9 |
| 主要国家和地区基础研究政策走向分析 |
| Analysis of Policy Trends for Basic Research in Major Countries and Regions |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-20 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2025.06.001 |
| 中文关键词: 基础研究政策；变革性研究；目标导向型基础研究；人才培养；科研安全 |
| 英文关键词: basic research policies; transformative research; mission-driven basic research; human capital development; research security |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金“2024 年度学科政策动态跟踪和比较研究”（L2324119）；科技部工作委托任务“主要国家基础研究能力评价研究”。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于美国、欧盟、德国、英国、日本和韩国等近年来出台的政策文件，系统分析了主要国家和地区基础研究政策走向和趋势。研究发现，主要国家普遍采取以下关键举措，一是建立政府基础研究预算长期稳定增长机制，并通过税收优惠等措施鼓励企业等加大基础研究投入；二是完善资助体系，重视基础研究的卓越性和战略导向，并强调对基础研究的接续支持；三是将人才培养深度融入研究过程，同步推进基础研究和人才培养；四是推动科研基础设施开放共享，实施开放科学政策促进
数据流通；五是在加强国际合作的同时完善科研安全审查机制。最后提出了对中国的启示。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on policy documents issued in recent years by the United States, the European Union, Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea etc, this study comprehensively analyzes the trends of basic research policies in major countries and regions. The research reveals that main nations universally adopt the following critical measures: establishing mechanisms for sustained growth in government funding for basic research, and encouraging enterprises and other entities to substantially increase basic investment through measures such as tax incentives; refining funding systems, attaching importance to the excellence and strategic
orientation of basic research, while emphasizing sustained support for basic research; deeply integrating talent development into research processes, simultaneously advancing basic research and human capital cultivation; promoting open access to research infrastructures and implementing open science policies to facilitate data sharing; enhancing international collaboration while improving research security mechanisms. Finally, implications for China are proposed. |
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