| 梁伯枢.美国对涉华科技人才打压与防范策略变化评析[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,(6):18~28 |
| 美国对涉华科技人才打压与防范策略变化评析 |
| Analysis of U.S. Tactics in Suppressing and Containing ChinaAffiliated Scientific and Technological Talent |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-30 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2025.06.003 |
| 中文关键词: 美国；中国；科技人才；非传统情报收集者；反间谍；科研诚信；脱钩 |
| 英文关键词: the United States; China; sci-tech talent; non-traditional collectors; counterintelligence; research integrity; decoupling |
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| 摘要点击次数: 123 |
| 全文下载次数: 102 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 2018 年以来，美国把中国和与中国有关的科技人才视为潜在的将美国科技非法转移出境的“非传统情报搜集者”，对其中的怀疑对象开展“反间谍”调查指控、“科研诚信”调查惩处，同时实施定向“脱钩”措施。这一打压与防范行动呈现出强烈的政治化特征，不仅损害了中美科学家正常交流合作的权益，也给以信任与共享为基础的两国科技合作生态造成冲击。美国科技界对与中国合作的负面看法增加，在美科技人才与中国的合作意愿减弱，在美华人科学家不安全感增强，回国意愿和人数不断增长；两国科技人才交流合作空间变窄，在敏感领域“脱钩”已基本成为现实。美国对涉华科技人才的打压与防范策略，实质上也抑制了跨国知识流动的效率，延缓了关键领域的全球科技创新进程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Since 2018, the United States has systematically labeled Chinese academics, scientists, and students,
and their U.S. collaborators as potential “non-traditional collectors” who could engage in the unauthorized transfer
of U.S. technology abroad. In response, it has implemented a range of measures, including counterintelligence
investigations and judicial prosecutions, research integrity reviews and disciplinary measures against targeted
individuals. From the outset, this approach has been deeply politicized. It has undermined the rights of both
American and Chinese scientists to pursue normal collaborative research, and eroded the ecosystem of U.S.
- China scientific cooperation, built on trust and knowledge sharing. Negative sentiments toward cooperation
with China have grown within the U.S. scientific community, and American researchers’ willingness to engage
with Chinese counterparts has declined. A growing sense of insecurity among Chinese-American scientists
has contributed to an increased willingness to repatriate, resulting in a steady rise in the number of returnees.
The opportunities for scientific and technological talent exchange and collaboration between the two countries
have markedly declined, and the decoupling in sensitive fields has effectively taken hold. The U.S. Tactics in
Suppressing and Containing China-affiliated scientific talent has the practical effect of stifling the cross-border
knowledge flow, slowing down the pace of global technological innovation in critical fields |
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