| 李丹妮,林 俊,程 凯,庄 珺.基于技术成熟度的中美碳捕集、利用与封存技术对比研究[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,40(7):44~52 |
| 基于技术成熟度的中美碳捕集、利用与封存技术对比研究 |
| Comparative Study on CCUS Technologies in China and the United States Based on TRL |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-20 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2025.07.006 |
| 中文关键词: 碳捕集、利用与封存；技术成熟度；碳中和；梯度培育策略 |
| 英文关键词: Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS); Technology Readiness Level (TRL); carbon neutrality; gradient development strategy |
| 基金项目:上海市软科学项目“上海科技创新关键技术前瞻与多路径技术发展路线图研究”（24692122900）；上海市软科学项目“脑机接口多路径技术发展路线图研究”（24704）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为系统评估中美碳捕集、利用与封存（Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage，CCUS）技术进
展与竞争态势，基于技术成熟度（Technology Readiness Level，TRL）框架，对中美 CCUS 技术的成熟
度及应用现状进行了对比分析。结果表明，美国在燃烧后捕集、CO2 强化油气回收（CO2 Enhanced Oil
Recovery，CO2-EOR）及地质封存技术上处于全球领先地位（TRL 7～ 9）；中国在海洋封存和部分矿
化利用技术上具有一定优势（TRL 6 ～ 9），但整体项目规模较小，技术成熟度多集中于试验至工业示范
阶段（TRL 3 ～ 7）。建议短期阶段优先推广燃烧后捕集、CO2-EOR等高成熟度技术；中期阶段加速富
氧燃烧捕集、BECCS 及地质 / 海洋封存等技术的规模化应用；长期阶段培育 DAC、化学利用及矿物封
存等前沿技术的突破。同时通过政策创新、基础设施建设及产业生态构建，推动 CCUS 技术规模化应用，
为中国 2060 年碳中和目标提供支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To systematically assess the progress and competitive landscape of CCUS technologies in China and
the United States, a comparative analysis of the maturity and application status of CCUS technologies in the two
countries was conducted based on the Technology Readiness Level (Technology Readiness Level, TRL) framework.
Findings indicate that the United States leads globally in post-combustion capture, CO?-enhanced oil recovery (CO2
Enhanced Oil Recovery, CO?-EOR), and geological storage (TRL 7-9), while China holds certain advantages in
ocean storage and specific mineralization technologies (e.g., concrete mineralization) (TRL 6-9), though its project
scale remains smaller. China’s CCUS technologies are generally at the experimental to industrial demonstration
stage (TRL 3-7). The study emphasizes that in the short term, accelerate the industrialization of oxy-fuel combustion
capture, BECCS, and geological/oceanic storage in the medium term, and nurture the potential of DAC, chemical
utilization, and mineral sequestration in the long term. Meanwhile, policy innovation, infrastructure development,
and industrial ecosystem establishment, along with international technological cooperation, are emphasized to drive
the large-scale application of CCUS technologies, supporting China’s 2060 carbon neutrality goal. |
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