| 朱倍其,张志娟,杨朝峰,郄海拓,谭文喆,杨扬.国际科技成果转化典型经验及对中国的启示——基于激励机制视角的分析[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2025,40(10):22~32 |
| 国际科技成果转化典型经验及对中国的启示——基于激励机制视角的分析 |
| Typical International Experience in Scientific and Technological Achievement Transfer and Its Implications for China: An Analysis from the Perspective of Incentive Mechanisms |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-15 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2025.10.004 |
| 中文关键词: 产权激励；科技成果转化；职务科技成果赋权改革；激励机制 |
| 英文关键词: Property Rights Incentives; Technology Transfer and Transformation; Reform of Empowerment for Job-Related Scientific and Technological Achievements; Incentive Mechanisms |
| 基金项目:中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金青年项目“政策工具与科技成果转化的多元组态路径研究——基于省级面板数据的动态 QCA 分析方法”（QN2025-02）。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 朱倍其 | | | 张志娟 | | | 杨朝峰 | | | 郄海拓 | | | 谭文喆 | | | 杨扬 | |
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| 摘要点击次数: 5 |
| 全文下载次数: 5 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 科技成果转化是加速创新驱动发展、实现科技自立自强的重要抓手。基于激励机制视角，系
统梳理分析美国、日本和德国科技成果转移转化的典型经验，发现国际典型模式的共性是以权属改
革为基础，确立研发机构对职务科技成果的控制权，最新政策实践进一步朝向推动激励机制多元化、
实现中小企业精准赋能、推进数字化生态建设及构建关键领域风险共担机制等方向聚焦深化。中国
在优化职务发明权属配置、完善科研人员收益分配模式、支持中小企业科技成果转化参与、健全容
错免责机制及推进数字化新型基础设施建设等方面仍存在制度性短板。鉴于此，从完善制度确权体
制机制、创新收益分配模式、赋能中小企业转化参与、构建容错免责机制及强化数字化赋能 5 个维
度提出政策建议，为完善中国科技成果转化激励机制提供重要参考和借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a key driver for
accelerating innovation-driven development and achieving self-reliance in science and technology. From the
perspective of incentive mechanisms, this paper systematically sorts out and analyzes the typical experiences in
technology transfer and commercialization of the United States, Japan, and Germany. It is found that the core
commonality of international typical models lies in taking ownership reform as the foundation to establish the
control rights of research and development institutions over service invention and technological achievements.
The latest policy practices have further focused and deepened towards promoting the diversification of incentive
mechanisms, realizing precise empowerment of small and medium-sized enterprises, advancing the construction
of a digital ecosystem, and establishing risk-sharing mechanisms in key areas. In contrast, China still faces
institutional shortcomings in optimizing the ownership allocation of service inventions, improving the income
distribution model for researchers, supporting the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in
technology transfer and commercialization, improving fault-tolerance and liability exemption mechanisms,
and advancing the construction of new digital infrastructure. In view of this, this paper puts forward policy
recommendations from five dimensions: improving the institutional mechanism for confirming ownership,
innovating the income distribution model, empowering the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises
in transformation, constructing fault-tolerance and liability exemption mechanisms, and strengthening digital
empowerment, so as to provide important reference and inspiration for improving the incentive mechanism for
technology transfer and commercialization in China. |
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