| 薛梦凡,郑 佳.美国“关键矿产”战略动向研究[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2026,41(5):1~10 |
| 美国“关键矿产”战略动向研究 |
| The Evolution of Critical Mineral Strategy in the United States |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-24 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2026.05.001 |
| 中文关键词: 关键矿产；矿产战略；供应链；中美竞争 |
| 英文关键词: Critical Mineral; Mineral Strategy; Supply Chain; China-U.S. Competition |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 20 |
| 全文下载次数: 26 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 美国政府高度重视关键矿产供应安全问题，通过政策法规、财政补贴、国际合作、技术创新
等手段构建以自身为主导的全球矿产供应链。近年来，美国的关键矿产领域的战略布局与政策法规日
趋密集，关键矿产清单持续扩容，不仅影响全球矿产资源供应格局，更威胁着中国关键矿产的稳定供
应与产业安全。系统梳理并详细分析了特朗普政府两个任期和拜登政府时期美国关键矿产战略动向，
并提出中国应对全球矿产供应变局、保障自身矿产安全的针对性策略：提高关键技术水平，进行矿产
高效开发；避免被动应对，构建自主可控的矿产体系；加强未来产业布局，建立矿产开发领先优势。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The U.S. government attaches great importance to the supply security of critical minerals and
are promoting the construction of a U.S.-led global mineral supply chain through multiple strategies such as
policy and legal regulations, financial support, international cooperation, and technological innovation. In recent
years, the strategic layout and policy adjustments in the field of critical minerals by the United States have
become increasingly intensive, which not only affects the global pattern of mineral resource allocation but also
threatens the stable supply of critical minerals and industrial security in China. This paper systematically sorts
out and analyzes in detail the evolution of the U.S. critical minerals strategy during the two terms of the Trump
administration and the Biden administration, and proposes targeted strategies for China to respond to the changes
in the global mineral supply and ensure its own mineral security: enhancing the level of key technologies to realize
efficient mineral development; avoiding passive responses and build an independent and controllable mineral
system; strengthening the layout of future industries to lead the direction of mineral development. |
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