| 李慧敏.国际技术竞争下日本贸易管制制度考察与启示分析
——以《经济安全保障推进法》和《外汇和外贸法》为框架[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2026,41(5):18~25 |
| 国际技术竞争下日本贸易管制制度考察与启示分析
——以《经济安全保障推进法》和《外汇和外贸法》为框架 |
| Japan’s Trade Control System under International Technology Competition: Based on the Economic Security Promotion Act and the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Ac |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-30 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2026.05.003 |
| 中文关键词: 日本贸易管制制度；经济安全保障推进法；外汇和外贸法；出口管制；供应链 |
| 英文关键词: Japan’s Trade Control System; the Economic Security Promotion Act; the Foreign Exchange and
Foreign Trade Act; Export Control; Supply Chain |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金专项项目“日本基础研究发展历程与政策实践研究”（L2524050）；中国科学院院长青年基金优秀项目“日本半导体产业研究”（E5X0071Q01）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研判国际技术竞争下日本贸易管制制度的演变及其外溢影响，以《经济安全保障推进法》
与《外汇和外贸法》为分析框架，通过制度文本及其影响分析，剖析日本“对内扶持调控、对外管制封锁”
贸易管制体系的运行逻辑。研究发现，日本通过两部法律推动产业政策安全化与出口管制常态化，制
度呈现安全概念泛化、行政裁量扩张的特征，存在战略自主诉求与开放经济模式之间的内在矛盾；其
贸易管制制度将经济议题与安全目标深度绑定，对全球产业链分工和多边贸易规则形成冲击。提出中
国应从安全、经济、规则三个维度构建系统性应对策略，在维护自身贸易利益与技术安全的基础上，
推动全球技术贸易治理朝着公平合理方向演进。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To examine the evolution and spill-over effects of Japan’s trade control system amid international
technological competition, this paper takes the Act on the Promotion of Economic Security (ESP Act) and the
Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act (FEFT Act) as the analytical framework. Through analysis of institutional
texts and their impacts, it explores the operational logic of Japan’s trade control system characterized by “internal
support and regulation, external control and blockade”. The study finds that Japan has advanced the securitization
of industrial policies and the normalization of export controls via the two statutes. Featuring the over-expansion
of security concepts and broadened administrative discretion, the system harbours inherent tensions between the
pursuit of strategic autonomy and an open-economy model. By tightly integrating economic issues with security
objectives, Japan’s trade control system generates adverse impacts on global industrial-chain division of labour and
multilateral trade rules. Accordingly, China should formulate systematic countermeasures from three dimensions:
security, economy and rules. While safeguarding its trade interests and technological security, China shall promote
the evolution of global technological-trade governance toward greater fairness and rationality. |
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