| 杨 晶,曹 悦,白 晨.科学数据管理与共享政策的国际比较研究及启示
——基于美国、欧盟、日本的模式分析[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2026,41(5):34~39，69 |
| 科学数据管理与共享政策的国际比较研究及启示
——基于美国、欧盟、日本的模式分析 |
| An International Comparative Study of Scientific Data Managementand Sharing Policies and China’s Countermeasures: Based on Model Analysis of the United States, the European Union, and Japan |
| 投稿时间：2026-03-12 |
| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.1009-8623.2026.05.005 |
| 中文关键词: 科学数据；管理与共享；美国；欧盟；日本 |
| 英文关键词: Scientific Data; Management and Sharing; the United States; the European Union; Japan |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 15 |
| 全文下载次数: 16 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 科学数据是人工智能时代的科技底座，在数据与智能驱动的科研范式变革加速演进中愈发凸显出基础性和战略性作用。不同国家与地区在科学数据管理与共享政策上呈现不同特点，美国采取部
门自由管理创新方式却面临碎片化代价，欧盟以统一管理提升管理效率但面临灵活性不足难题，日本追
求平衡性与协同效应的挑战但是执行力偏弱。中国已经建立了科学数据管理政策框架，但仍在制度设计、
平台建设、协同机制等方面存在短板，需要通过“制度筑基、设施支撑、协同发力、文化保障”的建设路径，
为提升科研竞争力、建设科技强国提供制度性基础性支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As the technological foundation of the artificial intelligence era, scientific data is increasingly
demonstrating its fundamental and strategic importance amid the accelerating paradigm shift toward data-driven and
intelligent scientific research. Different countries and regions exhibit distinct characteristics in their scientific data
management and sharing policies. The United States adopts an innovative approach of decentralized departmental
management but faces the cost of fragmentation. The European Union enhances management efficiency through
unified governance yet encounters challenges of inflexibility. Japan pursues balance and synergistic effects, but
its primary challenge lies in weak implementation. China has established a policy framework for scientific data
management; however, shortcomings persist in areas such as institutional design, platform construction, and
coordination mechanisms. China needs to follow a development path centered on “institutional foundation, facility
support, coordinated efforts and cultural guarantee” to provide an institutional and fundamental backbone for
enhancing scientific research competitiveness and building a leading power in science and technology |
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